* ph -skala: PH -skalan mäter surhet eller alkalinitet hos en lösning. Det sträcker sig från 0 till 14, med:
* 0-6: Sur
* 7: Neutral (pure water)
* 8-14: Alkalin (grundläggande)
* Hydrogen Ions (H+): Acidity is directly related to the concentration of hydrogen ions in a solution.
* The more H+ ions present, the more acidic the solution.
* The fewer H+ ions present, the more alkaline (basic) the solution.
* The Relationship: The pH scale is a logarithmic scale, meaning each whole number change in pH represents a tenfold change in the concentration of hydrogen ions:
* A solution with a pH of 4 has ten times more H+ ions than a solution with a pH of 5.
* A solution with a pH of 3 has one hundred times more H+ ions than a solution with a pH of 5.
Sammanfattningsvis:
* High H+ concentration =Low pH (acidic)
* Low H+ concentration =High pH (alkaline)
Exempel:
* A solution with a pH of 3 has a hydrogen ion concentration of 10^-3 moles per liter (M).
* A solution with a pH of 10 has a hydrogen ion concentration of 10^-10 M.
Viktig anmärkning: The relationship between pH and H+ concentration is inverse. As the pH increases, the H+ concentration decreases, and vice versa.
