1. Nerve cells (neurons): Specialized for transmitting electrical signals throughout the body. They have long, thin extensions called axons that carry signals to other cells.
2. Muscle cells: Ansvarig för rörelse. Det finns tre typer:skelettmuskelceller (för frivillig rörelse), glatta muskelceller (för ofrivillig rörelse i organ) och hjärtmuskelceller (för hjärtat).
3. Red blood cells (erythrocytes): Carry oxygen from the lungs to the rest of the body. They are shaped like biconcave discs, which increases their surface area for oxygen absorption.
4. White blood cells (leukocytes): Part of the immune system, they fight infections by engulfing bacteria and viruses or by producing antibodies. There are several different types of white blood cells, each with a specific function.
5. Epithelial cells: Form linings and coverings for organs and cavities. They are tightly packed together and can act as barriers to protect the body from the environment.
6. Connective tissue cells: Stöd och ansluta andra vävnader i kroppen. These include fibroblasts (producing collagen), chondrocytes (found in cartilage), and osteoblasts (found in bone).
7. Stem cells: Undifferentiated cells that can divide and differentiate into various specialized cell types. They have the potential to regenerate damaged tissues and organs.
8. gameter (ägg och spermier): Reproductive cells responsible for sexual reproduction. They contain half the number of chromosomes of other cells in the body.
9. Plant cells: Innehåller kloroplaster för fotosyntes, en cellvägg för strukturellt stöd och en stor central vakuol för förvaring av vatten och näringsämnen.
10. Bakterieceller: Single-celled organisms that are prokaryotic (lacking a nucleus). De har olika funktioner, inklusive sönderdelning, kvävefixering och orsakar sjukdom.
This list represents a small sample of the vast diversity of cell types found in nature.
